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Austria: Facts & StatsDemographicsPopulation:Austria's population estimate in January 2009 was 8,356,707. The population of the capital, Vienna, exceeds 1.6 million (2.2 million including the suburbs), representing about a quarter of the country's population and is known for its vast cultural offerings and high standard of living.In contrast to the capital, other cities do not exceed 1 million inhabitants: the second largest city Graz is home to 250,099 inhabitants, followed by Linz (188,968), Salzburg (150,000), and Innsbruck (117,346). All other cities have fewer than 100,000 inhabitants. Welfare:Public health in Austria is the responsibility of a federal ministry of health. It supervises a number of subsidiary institutes responsible for the prevention of infectious diseases and inspection of drugs and food. The provincial governments also have public health centers, and each municipality and rural district must employ a public health physician.National health insurance covers expenses of medical and hospital treatment: blue- and white-collar workers and salaried employees are protected in cases of sickness, disability, unemployment, and maternity and in their old age. There are survivors’ pensions as well. Pension systems for self-employed persons and farmers also have been established. Social and medical insurance is funded through payroll deductions and taxes. Education:The Republic of Austria has a free and public school system, and nine years of education are mandatory. Schools offer a series of vocational-technical and university preparatory tracks involving one to four additional years of education beyond the minimum mandatory level.The legal basis for primary and secondary education in Austria is the School Act of 1962. The federal Ministry of Education is responsible for funding and supervising primary, secondary, and, since 2000, also tertiary education. Primary and secondary education is administered on the state level by the authorities of the respective states. Federal legislation played a prominent role in the education system, and laws dealing with education effectively have a de facto constitutional status because, like Austrian constitutional law, they can only be passed or amended by a two-thirds majority in parliament. The country’s university system has been free until 2001, since then studies are subject to fees (€366 per term for Austrian citizens, about €700 per term for non-Austrians). In 2008 however, the government has decided to again eliminate the fees for students who complete their studies in the minimum time and are Austrian citizens. The General Act for University Education of 1966 and the University Organization Act of 1975 provide the legal framework for tertiary education, and the federal Ministry for Science and Research funds and oversees education at the university level. 23 public and 11 private universities enjoy a high degree of autonomy and offer a full spectrum of degree programs. Established in 1365, the University of Vienna is Austria’s oldest and largest university. Religion:Among religions in Austria, Roman Catholic Christianity is predominant. According to the 2001 census, 73.6% of the country's population adhered to this denomination. The number of Sunday churchgoers stood at around 11.5% (as percentage of the total Austrian population, that is 914,348 churchgoers out of a total population of 8,043,000). Since 2001, the number of Roman Catholics and number of churchgoers have reduced. Data for the end of 2005 from the Austrian Roman Catholic church lists 5,662,782 members or 68.5% of the total Austrian population, and a sunday church attendance of 753,701 or 9% of the total Austrian population. Data for the end of 2008 published by the Austrian Roman Catholic church shows a further reduction to 5,579,493 members or 66.8% of the total Austrian population, and a sunday church attendance of 698,527 or 8% of the total Austrian population.The number of the much smaller group the Lutherans also declined, from 5.7% in 1971 to 4.7 in 2006. Most Lutherans reside in the province of Carinthia, South Austria. Meanwhile, the number of Muslims is on the increase, with 4.2%. There are also minor communities of Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists and Jews in Austria. According to the 2005 Eurobarometer Poll, based on a limited sample:
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